Effect of microbial hydrogen consumption on the hydrogen permeation behaviour of AISI 4135 steel under cathodic protection

The feasibility of microbial hydrogen consumption to mitigate the hydrogen embrittlement (HE) under different cathodic potentials was evaluated using the Devanathan-Stachurski electrochemical test and the hydrogen permeation efficiency η. The hydrogen permeation efficiency η in the presence of strain GA-1 was lower than that in sterile medium. The cathodic potential inhibited the adherence of strain GA-1 to AISI 4135 steel surface, thereby reducing the hydrogen consumption of strain GA-1. The adherent GA-1 cells were capable of consuming ‘cathodic hydrogen’ and reducing the proportions of absorbed hydrogen, indicating that it is theoretically possible to control HE by hydrogen-consuming microbes.     

热带雨林环境中霉菌对PCB-Cu腐蚀行为的影响

目的 研究PCB-Cu在热带雨林环境下的霉菌腐蚀行为。方法 利用平板培养法筛选出PCB表面出现频率较高的两株真菌Fusarium solani和Daldinia eschscholtzii。利用干重法研究Cu2+对其生理活性的影响,利用扫描电子显电镜观测PCB-Cu表面的生物成膜情况,并利用动电位极化曲线研究其腐蚀电化学行为。 结果 两株真菌在6天时,均能在PCB-Cu表面形成生物膜,且在菌丝密集处,出现腐蚀产物的堆积。同时,薄液膜内Cu2+浓度的升高能抑制菌体的繁殖。相比于无菌组,两株菌株均能够在前期抑制PCB-Cu自腐蚀电位Ecorr的升高,在后期抑制PCB-Cu自腐蚀电位Ecorr的降低。结论 霉菌孢子接种到PCB-Cu表面后,由于初期PCB-Cu表面薄液膜中的Cu2+含量较少,对菌体的抑制作用较低,因此菌体活性较好,其分泌物抑制了PCB-Cu表面氧化膜的生成,从而在初期促进了PCB-Cu的腐蚀。但随着腐蚀反应的进行,PCB-Cu表面薄液膜中Cu2+浓度逐渐升高,菌体的活性受到抑制,因此腐蚀性分泌物含量下降,而此时附着在PCB-Cu表面的生物膜对基体起到了保护作用,从而开始抑制腐蚀。     

Erosion resistance of CO2 corrosion scales formed on API P110 carbon steel

The erosion resistance of CO₂ corrosion scales formed on carbon steel was investigated in water–sand two-phase flow utilizing weight loss test, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The effects of CO₂ partial pressure, stirring speed, test time, and grain size on the erosion resistance of the scales were analysed. Results show that several characteristics of CO₂ corrosion scales are key factors affecting erosion resistance. Cubic polynomials are used to fit the erosion rate data, and effectively evaluate the ability of CO₂ corrosion scales to resist erosion. An erosion mechanism, based on fluid dynamics and CO₂ corrosion scales characteristics, is discussed.     

Microstructure and oxidation behaviour of Ir-rich Ir–Al binary alloys

In the current study, alloys of Ir–11Al, Ir–23Al, Ir–30Al, Ir–41Al and Ir–45Al (at.%) were prepared to investigate the microstructure and oxidation behaviour of Ir-rich Ir–Al alloys. Ir(Al)_ss and/or β-IrAl intermetallic phases were found to exist in the prepared alloys. During isothermal oxidation at 1100 °C, the Ir(Al)_ss and β-IrAl individually changed to porous and dense Al₂O₃. The microstructure of the oxide scale formed on Ir–23Al was similar to that of its former alloy which possessed a dendrite-like configuration. It was found that the mass change of Ir–45Al followed a parabolic law, showing the best oxidation resistance among the Ir–Al alloys.     

Detection of rust defects on steel bridge coatings via digital image recognition

One of the major expenses for steel structures is the anti-corrosion maintenance tasks. The maintenance of a steel structure depends on regular inspections, and visual inspections are often adopted in Taiwan. Using the naked eye to determine the rusted area percentage greatly depends on the experience of the inspector, resulting in subjective results. As an alternative, an algorithm consisting of three different approaches is proposed to automatically process images. The Hue percentage and coefficient of variation (COV) of the gray levels are used to divide images into three groups in which each group is assessed using a specific recognition technique. The three proposed techniques are the following: the traditional K-means method in the H component, the double-center-double-radius (DCDR) algorithm in the Red-Green-Blue (RGB) color space and DCDR in the Hue-Saturation-Intensity (HSI) color space. Additionally, the Least Square Support Vector Machine (LS-SVM) was adopted to predict the radii in the DCDR approaches. One hundred images, mostly collected outdoors, were used to verify the proposed algorithm. Promising performance was observed, particularly for images with non-uniform illumination.     

离子交换型缓蚀填料在防腐蚀涂层中的应用 Ⅰ阳离子交换型填料

铬酸盐等重金属类缓蚀性颜填料会对环境造成严重的污染,未来该类有害物质在防腐蚀涂层中的应用将被禁止。新型的离子交换型填料因其具有可同时释放缓蚀性离子和吸附固定侵蚀性离子(H~-、Cl~-、SO_4~2等)的双重功效,被认为是替代传统重金属类颜填料的理想材料。本文对Zn~(2+)、Ce~(3+)、Ca~(2+)等缓蚀性阳离子改性膨润土、氧化硅、分子筛等新型离子交换型缓蚀填料在有机防腐蚀涂层中的应用进行了综述。     

Effect of oxygen and biofilms on crevice corrosion of UNS S31803 and UNS N08825 in natural seawater

The effect of oxygen and biofilms on crevice corrosion of UNS S31803 and UNS N08825 in seawater was studied. Passivity breakdown occurred through crevice corrosion in UNS N08825 and through transpassive dissolution in UNS S31803 although both alloys displayed crevice corrosion under potentiodynamic conditions. The most severe crevice corrosion occurred in the absence of oxygen and the presence of a biofilm. Microbial adhesion as investigated by fluorescence microscopy occurred mainly outside the crevice and DNA sequencing revealed a shift in biofilm composition as a function of substratum surface and oxygen pressure.     

Galvanic corrosion of carbon steel coupled to antimony

Galvanic corrosion of carbon steel coupled to antimony was studied in aerated and N₂-purged electrolytes at ambient and 60 °C temperatures. Free corrosion potential of antimony and carbon steel shifts to more active values with increasing temperature and N₂ purging of the electrolyte. Under all experimental conditions, antimony remains less electronegative than carbon steels. Aeration and temperature affect potentiodynamic behaviour of both materials. As a consequence, the corrosion current for the antimony–carbon steel couple increases with increasing temperature and with aeration. There was a good agreement between the corrosion currents obtained through the Evans’ experiment and super-imposed potentiodynamic scans.     

Spatial variability of soil resistivity and rational sampling for corrosion assessment of carbon steel in Daqing area

Soil resistivity is one of the key indicators of the corrosive classification assessment on metal materials in soil environment. This paper presents variance characters of various quantity of soil resistivity samples data based on the semi-variance function methods of Geo-statistical Analysis by analyzing the regional soil resistivity sampling data in Daqing area. Furthermore, the variance of the soil resistivity as well as entire soil circumstance due to different sampling amounts are also analyzed and compared by means of using the characteristic parameters of the semi-variance function. In addition, this work also studied the rational sampling quantities according to various measurement errors required and evaluated the local soil corrosivity on carbon steel based on the actual measuring data in this area.